Dolly Pentreath

Ruggit 1692, 1685
Porthynys, y Chorn, Sostyn
Hooar baase 1777
Y Chorn
Boayl oanluckee Yn Chorn
Seyraanaght Reeriaght y Vretyn Vooar
Çhengey Cornish
Keird creckeyder eeast · ben aaishnee
Dolly Pentreath, ayns caslys grainnit va soilshit ayns 1781

Va Dolly Pentreath, ny Dorothy Pentreath (bashtit 1692, hooar baase ayns Mee ny Nollick 1777) ny Cornisheyr flaaoil jerrinagh, foddee.

Dy mennick ta cuir heese j'ee gra dy row ee ny Cornisheyr un-çhengagh jerrinagh, t'eh shen, y dooiney jerrinagh lesh y Chornish agh gyn y Vaarle, agh t'eh shen ayns contraartys rish e coontey urree hene, myr va recortyssit ec Daines Barrington.

Seihll

Va Pentreath bashtit er 16 Mee Voaldyn 1692,[1] as t'eh er credjal dy row ee ny nah phaitçhey ass shey paitçhyn ec yn eeasteyr Nicholas Pentreath, as e nah ven, Jone Pentreath.[2] Dooyrt ee ny s'anmey nagh row ee jargal y Vaarle dy loayrt roish e 20-oo laa ruggyree. Foddee nagh row eh shen kiart, agh va'n Chornish ny kied çhengey eck.[1] Nar v'ee 'sy çhenneraght chooinnee ee dy row eeastyn er ny creck eck trooid y Chornish ayns Pen Sans, as va'n Chornish so-hoiggal ec y chooid smoo jeh ny cummaltee ynnydagh (goaill stiagh y sleih ooasley).[3] Ren ee cummal ayns skeerey Pawl, faggys da Porthynys.

Cha phoos Pentreath rish peiagh erbee, agh 'sy vlein 1729 va un vac behrt eck, as eh enmyssit John Pentreath (1729 - 1778).[1]

Ayns 1768, ren Daines Barrington ronsaghey'n Chorn er son Cornisheyryn as ayns Porthynys haink eh er Pentreath, creckeyder eeastyn ec y traa shen as ee 82 bleeaney d'eash, as "y Chornish flaaoil eck". 'Sy vlein 1775, chur eh magh coontey j'ee ayns yn earish-lioar Archaeologia de chooid y Society of Antiquaries, as y coontey enmyssit On the Expiration of the Cornish Language ("Mychione Jerrey'n Chornish"). Screeu Barrington 'syn art dy row "y bwaane raad v'ee cummal ayns bayreen keyl", as dy row daa vwaane ny share hoal noi as daa ven elley ayndaue, jeih ny daa vleeaney jeig ny saa na Pentreath, nagh row jargal y Chornish dy loayrt, agh va jargal ee ry-hoiggal. Queig bleeaney ny s'anmey va Pentreath 87 bleeaney d'eash as v'ee "boght as freilt son y chooid smoo rish y skeerey, as er aghtu rish faaishnagh as cabblagh 'sy Chornish".[3]

Ayns ny bleeantyn jerrinagh jeh'n theihll eck, haink er Pentreath dy ve ny dooiney ardghooagh ynnydagh er son y fys eck er y Chornish.[4] Mygeayrt ny bleeaney 1777, va caslys j'ee daahit liorish John Opie (1761–1807), as ayns 1781 va grainney j'ee ec Robert Scaddan er ny hoilshey.[1]

'Sy vlein 1797 dooyrt eeasteyr ass Porthynys rish Richard Polwhele (1760–1838) dy ren William Bodinar "coloayrtyssyn lhee er feie ny h-ooryn 'sy Chornish; nagh row y coloayrtys oc ry-hoiggal agh ec kuse veg dy 'leih 'syn ynnyd; as dy row y Vaarle ec y daa jeu"[5]

Ta Pentreath er çheet stiagh ayns shenn-skeealyn er son e gweeaghyn er sleih ayns stroo liauyr dy Chornish chreoi traa va farg urree.[6] Ta e baase coontit myr baase ny Cornish myr çhengey cho-phobbylagh. Rere ny shenn-skeealyn v'ad ny focklyn jerrinagh eck na "Me ne vidn cewsel Sawznek!" ("Cha n'aillym y Vaarle dy loayrt!") agh s'cosoylagh nagh row ayns ny focklyn shen agh e freggyrt cadjin as deiney loayrt r'ee 'sy Vaarle.

Ta ram skeealyn mooee ayn. V'eh raait dy ren ee gweeaghyn er deiney dy mennick, goaill stiagh traaghyn v'ee enmyssey deiney "kronnekyn hager du", "beayf doo graney", as v'eh raait ec sleih elley dy row ee ny buitçh.

Lhiaght cooinaghtyn

Va Pentreath oanluckit ayns Pawl, raad va lhiaght cooinaghtyn ayns e onnor currit stiagh ayns bwoalley garey killagh Pawl Noo Aurelian 'sy vlein 1860 liorish Louis Lucien Bonaparte, mac braarey Napoleon, as liorish Viggar Phawl ec y traa shen. V'eh screeuit er y lhiaght:

"Here lieth interred Dorothy Pentreath who died in 1778, said to have been the last person who conversed in the ancient Cornish, the peculiar language of this country from the earliest records till it expired in the eighteenth century, in this Parish of Saint Paul. This stone is erected by the Prince Louis Bonaparte in Union with the Revd John Garret Vicar of St Paul, June 1860. Honour thy father and thy mother, that thy days may be long in the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee. Exod. xx. 12. Gwra pethi de taz ha de mam: mal de Dythiow bethenz hyr war an tyr neb an arleth de dew ryes dees. Exod. xx. 12."[7]

Cornisheyr jerrinagh?

Myrane lesh "loayreyderyn çhengey jerrinagh" elley, ta arganys ayn mychione staydys Phentreath. She'n feer aggyrtys eck myr y Cornisheyr dooghyssagh flaaoil jerrinagh.[1]

Lurg e baase hooar Barrington lettyr, screeuit 'sy Chornish as lhieggan Baarle goll marish, veih eeasteyr ayns Porthynys as yn ennym William Bodinar (ny Bodener) er as eh gra dy row queig deiney er fys echey 'sy valley beg shen as y Chornish oc. Chammah as shen screeu Barrington mychione John Nancarrow veih Marghasyow as eh ny loayreyder dooghyssagh va bio ayns ny 1790yn[8][9].

Ta daane casherickit da Dolly Pentreath ec y screeuder Britaanagh Pêr-Jakez Helias.

Jeeagh er neesht

  • Chesten Marchant, coontit ny keayrtyn myr y Cornisheyr un-çhengagh jerrinagh
  • John Davey, y dooiney jerrinagh lesh fys tradishoonagh ennagh ny Cornish echey
  • Ned Maddrell, coontit ny keayrtyn myr y Gaelgeyr jerrinagh

Imraaghyn

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Matthew Spriggs, 'Pentreath [later Jeffery], Dorothy [Dolly] (bap. 1692, d. 1777), native Cornish speaker', in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004)
  2. ↑ W. T. Hoblyn, ‘The probable parentage of Dorothy Pentreath’, in Old Cornwall, 3/11 (1936), dd. 7–9
  3. 1 2 Peter Berresford Ellis, The Cornish language and its literature, pp. 115-118 online
  4. ↑ Barrington, ‘On the expiration of the Cornish language’, d. 283
  5. ↑ Richard Polwhele, The History of Cornwall, (7 ym-lioaryn, 1803–1808), ym-lioar. 5, dd. 19–20
  6. ↑ Britannia
  7. ↑ Berresford Ellis, op. cit., p. 135
  8. ↑ Ellis, P. Berresford, The Story of the Cornish Language (Truro: Tor Mark Press, 1971)
  9. ↑ Ellis, P. Berresford (1974) The Cornish Language and its Literature. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul

Kianglaghyn mooie

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