Samkhya

An Samkhya o Sankya (Sanskrito: सांख्य, IAST: sāṃkhya) sarong dualistikong eskwelahan nin pilosopiyang Indiyano.[1][2] Minamansay kaiyan an katunayan na kompwesto nin duwang independienteng prinsipyo, an puruṣa (agimadmad o espiritu); asin prakṛti, (naturalesa o bagay, kaiba an isip asin emosyon nin tawo).

An Puruṣa iyo an saksi-agimadmad. Absoluto ini, independiente, talingkas, lapwas sa persepsyon, halangkaw sa arin man na eksperiensya kan isip o sentido, asin impossible na iladawan sa paagi kan mga kataga.[3][4][5]

An Jiva ('sarong nabubuhay') iyo an estado kun saen an purusha binugkos sa prakriti.[6] Igwa nin interplay kan duwa an eksperyensya nin tawo, an purusha bilang may pagkaisi sa manlaenlaen na kombinasyon nin mga kognitibong aktibidad.[6] An katapusan kan bugkos kan purusha sa prakriti inaapod na katalingkasan o kaivalya (isolation).[7]

An mga pinakagurang na napalaman sa Samkhya pwedeng iyo an teistiko o bakong teistiko, alagad kaiba an klasikong sistematisasyon kaini kan kaamayan kan enot na milenyo CE an eksistensya nin sarong dios nagin mayo nin importansya.[8][9][10] An Samkhya makusog na may kinaaraman sa eskwelahan nin Yoga kan Hinduismo, na huli kaini ini an teoretikal na pundasyon, asin ini naimpluwensya sa ibang eskwelahan kan pilosopiyang Indiyan.[11]

Toltolan
  1. "Samkhya", American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition (2011), Quote: "Samkhya is a system of Hindu philosophy based on a dualism involving the ultimate principles of soul and matter."
  2. "Samkhya", Webster's College Dictionary (2010), Random House, ISBN 978-0375407413, Quote: "Samkhya is a system of Hindu philosophy stressing the reality and duality of spirit and matter."
  3. Sharma 1997, pp. 155–7.
  4. Chapple 2008, p. 21.
  5. Osto 2018, p. 203.
  6. "Samkhya | Definition, Doctrines, Philosophy, & Buddhism | Britannica". www.britannica.com (in English). Retrieved 2023-01-01.
  7. Gerald James Larson (2011), Classical Sāṃkhya: An Interpretation of Its History and Meaning, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120805033, pages 36-47
  8. Michaels 2004
  9. Sen Gupta 1986
  10. Radhakrishnan & Moore 1957
  11. Roy Perrett, Indian Ethics: Classical traditions and contemporary challenges, Volume 1 (Editor: P Bilimoria et al.), Ashgate, ISBN 978-0754633013, pages 149-158
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