Indya


An Indya (sa Ingles: India) opisyal na Republika nin Indya (Bharat Gaṇarājya), sarong banwa sa Habagatan Asya. Ini an ikapitong pinakadakulang banwa kun sa hiwas, an ikaduwang-pinakamatawong banwa (na may lampas sa 1.2 bilyon tawo), asin an pinakadakulang demokrasya sa kinaban. Ini napapagdolonan kan Indian Ocean sa habagatan, an Arabian Sea sa sur-solnopan, asin an Sola' nin Bengal sa sur-subangan. Ini kadolon an Pakistan sa solnopan; Tsina, Nepal, asin Bhutan sa norte-subangan; asin Myanmar (Burma) saka Bangladesh sa subangan. Sa Indian Ocean, an Indya harani sa tongod kan Sri Lanka asin kan Maldives. An Andaman asin Nicobar Islands na sakop kan Indya kadolon an maritimong kasagkoran kan Tailandiya asin Indonesya.

Republic of India
Bhārat Gaṇarājya
(see other regional names)
Horizontal tricolour flag bearing, from top to bottom, deep saffron, white, and green horizontal bands. In the centre of the white band is a navy-blue wheel with 24 spokes.
Bandera
Three lions facing left, right, and toward viewer, atop a frieze containing a galloping horse, a 24-spoke wheel, and an elephant. Underneath is a motto: "सत्यमेव जयते".
State emblem
Motto: "Satyameva Jayate" (tataramon?)
"Truth Alone Triumphs"[1]
Kanta: "Jana Gana Mana" (tataramon?)[lower-alpha 1][2][3]
"Thou Art the Ruler of the Minds of All People"[4][2]
National song: "Vande Mataram" (tataramon?)[lower-alpha 2]
"I Bow to Thee, Mother"[lower-alpha 3][1][2]
Image of a globe centred on India, with India highlighted.
Territory controlled by India shown in dark green; territory claimed but not controlled shown in light green
KapitolyoNew Delhi
28°36′50″N 77°12′30″E
Pinakadakulangsyudad
Opisyal na  mga tataramon
Minimidbid Panrehiyon na mga tataramon
Native languages447 languages[lower-alpha 7]
Relihiyon (2011)
  • 79.8% Hinduism
  • 14.2% Islam
  • 2.3% Christianity
  • 1.7% Sikhism
  • 0.7% Buddhism
  • 0.4% Jainism
  • 0.23% unaffiliated
  • 0.65% other[12]
Demonym
  • Indian
  • others
GobyernoFederal parliamentary republic
• President
Droupadi Murmu
• Vice-President
Jagdeep Dhankhar
• Prime Minister
Narendra Modi
• Chief Justice
Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud
LehistraturaParliament
• Itaas na Harong
Rajya Sabha
• Ibabang harong
Lok Sabha
Independence from the United Kingdom
• Dominion
15 August 1947
26 January 1950
Area
• Total
3,287,263[2] km2 (1,269,219 sq mi)[lower-alpha 8] (7th)
• Tubig (%)
9.6
Populasyon
• 2023 tantya
Plantilya:IncreaseNeutral 1,428,627,663[14] (1st)
• 2011 Sensus
Plantilya:IncreaseNeutral 1,210,854,977[15][16] (2nd)
• Densidad
 (30th)
GDP (PPP)2023 tantya
• Kabuuhan
Increase $13.119 trillion[17] (3rd)
• Per capita
Increase $9,183[17] (127th)
GDP (nominal)2023 tantya
• Kabuuhan
Increase $3.732 trillion[17] (5th)
• Per capita
Increase $2,612[17] (139th)
Gini (2019)Plantilya:IncreaseNegative 35.7[18]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.633[19]
medium · 132nd
CurrencyIndian rupee (₹) (INR)
Sona nin OrasIST (UTC+05:30)
DST is not observed.
Porma nin petsa
Nagmamaneho saleft[20]
Kodang pan-apod+91
ISO 3166 codeIN
Internet TLD.in (others)

An subkontinenteng Indyan binabanwa kan Sibilisasyon Indus Valley kan ika-3ng millennium BCE. Sunod na millennium, nasurat an mga pinakasoanoy na iskritura nin Hinduismo. An pagkabaranga' susog sa kasta, nagbutwa kan enot na millennium BCE, asin man an Budhismo, Jainismo nagpoon nang magtunga. Siring man an pulitikal na pagsasararo' nangyari sa irarom kan Imperyo nin Maurya asin Gupta. An mga inapod na Middle KIngdom naimpluwensiyang gayo an mga kultura sa palibot asin nakaabot na gayo sa sur-subangan na Asya. Sa medieval era, an Judaismo, Zoroastrianismo, Kristiandad asin Islam uminabot, dangan an Sikhismo nagtunga, bagay na nakadugang manlaenlaen asin raramas na kultutra sa nasabing rona'. An bandang amnayan, haros nasakop kan Sultanatong Delhi asin an habagatan napairarom sa impluwensiya kan Imperyong Vijayanagara. An ekonomiya tuminalubo kan ika-17 siglo sa Imperyo Mughal. Sa tanga kan ika-18ng siglo, an subkontinente napairarom sa kapangyarihan kan British East India Company, asin sa tanga kan ika-19ng siglo, an lugar na ini napasakop sa korona Briton. Sarong makabanwang hiron an nagbutwa sa kahurihan kan ika-19ng siglo na ngapit, sa pamamayo ni Mahatma Gandhi, orog na guminantad huli sa paaging matoninong. An lakopan na hiron na ini nagresulta sa pagkamit kan Indya kan saiyang katalingkasan kan taon 1947.

Gobierno

Galeriya
  • Taj Mahal sa interior
    Taj Mahal sa interior
  • Bubong nin Jaipur kan indya
    Bubong nin Jaipur kan indya
  • Thanjavur Brihadeeswara Templo
    Thanjavur Brihadeeswara Templo
  • Mga rugba sa Qutb minar
    Mga rugba sa Qutb minar
  • Mga mohur (takal)
    Mga mohur (takal)
  • Mga bilogon na baroto sa Hampi, Kamataka
    Mga bilogon na baroto sa Hampi, Kamataka
  • Mga tigre sa Indya
    Mga tigre sa Indya
  • Chital sa Nagarhole Nat'l. Park
    Chital sa Nagarhole Nat'l. Park


  1. National Informatics Centre 2005.
  2. "National Symbols | National Portal of India". India.gov.in. Archived from the original on 4 February 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2017. The National Anthem of India Jana Gana Mana, composed originally in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore, was adopted in its Hindi version by the Constituent Assembly as the National Anthem of India on 24 January 1950.
  3. "National anthem of India: a brief on 'Jana Gana Mana'". News18. 14 August 2012. https://www.news18.com/news/india/national-anthem-of-india-a-brief-on-jana-gana-mana-498576.html.
  4. Wolpert 2003, p. 1.
  5. Constituent Assembly of India 1950.
  6. Ministry of Home Affairs 1960.
  7. "Profile | National Portal of India". India.gov.in. Archived from the original on 30 August 2013. Retrieved 23 August 2013.
  8. "Constitutional Provisions – Official Language Related Part-17 of the Constitution of India". Department of Official Language via Government of India. Archived from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2021. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  9. "50th Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India (July 2012 to June 2013)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2014. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  10. Lewis, M. Paul; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2014). "Ethnologue: Languages of the World : India" (17th ed.). Dallas, Texas: Ethnologue by SIL International. Retrieved 15 December 2014.
  11. "Ethnologue : Languages of the World (Seventeenth edition) : Statistical Summaries". Ethnologue by SIL International. Archived from the original on 17 December 2014. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  13. Library of Congress 2004.
  14. "World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations". population.un.org. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  15. "Population Enumeration Data (Final Population)". 2011 Census Data. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 22 May 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  16. "A – 2 Decadal Variation in Population Since 1901" (PDF). 2011 Census Data. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 April 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  17. "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (India)". International Monetary Fund. 10 October 2023. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
  18. "Gini index (World Bank estimate) – India". World Bank.
  19. "Human Development Report 2021/2022" (PDF) (in English). United Nations Development Programme. 8 September 2022. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
  20. "List of all left- & right-driving countries around the world". worldstandards.eu. 13 May 2020. Retrieved 10 June 2020.
  1. Originally written in Sanskritised Bengali and adopted as the national anthem in its Hindi translation.
  2. Written in a mixture of Sanskrit and Sanskritised Bengali.
  3. "[...] Jana Gana Mana is the National Anthem of India, subject to such alterations in the words as the Government may authorise as occasion arises; and the song Vande Mataram, which has played a historic part in the struggle for Indian freedom, shall be honoured equally with Jana Gana Mana and shall have equal status with it."[5]
  4. According to Part XVII of the Constitution of India, Hindi in the Devanagari script is the official language of the Union, along with English as an additional official language.[1][6][7] States and union territories can have a different official language of their own other than Hindi or English.
  5. Not all the state-level official languages are in the eighth schedule and not all the scheduled languages are state-level official languages. For example, the Sindhi language is an 8th scheduled but not a state-level official language.
  6. Kashmiri and Dogri language are the official languages of Jammu and Kashmir which is currently a union territory and no longer the former state.
  7. Different sources give widely differing figures, primarily based on how the terms "language" and "dialect" are defined and grouped. Ethnologue lists 461 tongues for India (out of 6,912 worldwide), 447 of which are living, while 14 are extinct.[10][11]
  8. "The country's exact size is subject to debate because some borders are disputed. The Indian government lists the total area as 3,287,260 km2 (1,269,220 sq mi) and the total land area as 3,060,500 km2 (1,181,700 sq mi); the United Nations lists the total area as 3,287,263 km2 (1,269,219 sq mi) and total land area as 2,973,190 km2 (1,147,960 sq mi)."[13]
  9. See Date and time notation in India.
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